Wednesday, 29 October 2014

Week 5 Case Study Essay Question

“Media production is dominated by global institutions, which sell their products and services to national audiences”. To what extent do you agree with this statement?

To some extent, I both agree and disagree with this statement. There is no doubt that media is fed to us on a daily basis by the same media conglomerates; they dominate large numbers of various mass media such as television, radio, publishing, movies, and the Internet. Household names such as “Walt Disney” reach global audiences and successfully sell their products. The Disney name remains as a mark on all parts of American popular culture, namely animated movies, live action films, network television, children’s books, merchandising and theme parks. Disney has been passed down for generations and its history is well respected and therefore, people choose to invest in it.

The trust Disney has formed with its audience boosts sales and box office figures, enabling it to be a multi-million dollar phenomenon. These huge sums of money are invested in partnering projects such as with Marvel Entertainment.  In 2009, The Walt Disney Company acquired Marvel Entertainment, Inc. for 4.64 billion dollars. The “Guardians of the Galaxy” movie was produced my Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.

Disney is always looking for multiple platforms to increase brand recognition and to introduce a wider audience; synergy is used.  An Animated Series of “The Guardians of the Galaxy” will be introduced to Disney XD, further boosting profits.

Despite the advantages, there are some difficulties companies such as Disney may face. Although Disney may partner up with other major firms to create successful films and products, if Disney partner up with a British film maker for example, it would be difficult to categorise the film and label it as either British or American. Also convergence between two film-makers may lead to disagreements on finances and one company may dominate the other.

Some of the greatest cinematic masterpieces were made on a low budget and have gone on to be just as successful as big budget films, earning millions of dollars and becoming multimillion firms just like the global institutions. For example, “The Inbetweeners Movie” only had a budget of 5.3 million dollars; it went on to make £44 million in UK cinemas. The film remained true to the series, as well as finding a fitting ending to the story.  Another successful film with an even lower budget is “Paranormal Activity”. It is believed to be the most profitable film of all time. Made from just $15,000, it took over $193 million at the box office. A part of its success may be due to its premiere at the “Screamfest Horror Film Festival”, it is the largest and longest running horror film festival in the United States and allowed the film to be viewed by a wide audience.


To conclude, I think low budget films now have a better opportunity to become successful and earn large sums of money than they would have a few decades back. This is down to improvements in technology and being able to share and stream movies online and the opportunity to screen them at film festivals. Many great, original ideas are also well respected as it is now increasingly more difficult to create a movie with a unique storyline. However, ‘the big six’ global institutions (Universal, paramount, 21st century Fox, Warner Bro’s, Sony and Disney) all find producing films a lot easier and will continue to be successful as they have the money to distribute and advertise their creations to worldwide audiences.

Thursday, 23 October 2014

THE GUARDIANS OF THE GALAXY CASE STUDY PAGE 2

DISTRIBUTION:
The IMAX cinema distributed the film in 3D in UK and in the USA the film was released in 3D. In other cinemas the film was in 2D. Companies involved int th films production was Marvel, ABC and Disney. They also had LEGO involved to  promote the movie by selling GOTG orientated toys to catch a younger audience. Disneyreleased a series of toys and stationary to help with the films distribution and due to marvel being a main company involved in the distribution of the film any comic book fan was enticed from the start. The film worked with comic con which is a massive convention that is dedicated to comic books and any programmes aor films based around the genre sc-fi. Comic con is such a big part of america that anyone who went came out knowing about GOTG which was a good way to promote it as they went on to tell their friends and later would seee it themselves due to them getting access to sneak peeks and early previews firsthand. Empire online helped to publicise GOTG giving th fanbase exclusive interviews,ratings and never before seen pictures.

THE GUARDIANS OF THE GALAXY CASE STUDY!

PRODUCTION:

Walt disney motion pictureswas the designated studio for the guardians of the galaxy. The director was James Gunn who is also known for his work in movie 43 and scooby doo. Producers included well known writer Stan Lee who plays a huge part in creating superhero movies such as iron man and spiderman. The budget of the film was $170 millon and within 10 days of being release the film made a massive $300 million. The film is aimed at people who are in to comic books and teenagers due to the fact that marvel is incorperated into the production of the film. The cast include big names like Vin Diesel and Bradley Cooper which makes a bigger audience watch the production as leading actors are starring and have been in other well known films.

MARKETING:

Worldwide the film was shown 2D but in america and the UK we recieved it in 3D and IMAX. The campaign team promoted the movie with an official facebook,twitter and site including and french site aswell. The film was shown in cienmas worldwide and is number 26 of the most watch films this year. Posters and bus banners were a way of drawing peopl in to watch in the UK. Lego announced three toys sets that were based around scenes from the film which could of brought a younger audience into cinemas to watch. The facebook and twitter are used via the internet to promote the film and keep the fanbase up to date on trailers, comic con meet ups and 'spoilers'. Youtube is a big part of promotion: it is used for the fans to access trailers, press talks,interviews and much more to entice the audience to go and see the movie once out in cinemas. The cinema shows trailers which promotes the film further as the audience going to see a different film will watch the trailer and show an interest GOTG due to a similar interest.

FINANCE:
Total Lifetime Grosses
Domestic:  $327,954,942    44.8%
Foreign:  $404,800,000    55.2%

    
Worldwide:  $732,754,942
Domestic Summary
Opening Weekend: $94,320,883

% of Total Gross: 28.8%

Widest Release:  4,088 theaters








































guardians of the galaxy DVD release

 when can we take home Marvel’s ‘Guardians of the Galaxy‘ on Blu-ray and DVD, or even Digital Download?  Marvel announced the home release dates for its superhero space opera. They come with an exclusive sneak peek at 'Avengers 2‘!
If you were angered by seeing Howard the Duck as the focus of the ‘Guardians of the Galaxy’ post-credits scene instead of a look at ‘Age of Ultron,’ Marvel has you covered with the DVD and Blu-ray releases.
‘Guardians of the Galaxy’ will first hit Digital 3D, Digital HD and Disney Movies Anywhere on November 18, and December 9 will see the film drop on Digital SD, Blu-ray 3D Combo pack (3D Blu-ray + Single Disc Blu-ray + Digital Copy), Blu-ray, DVD and On-Demand formats, just in time for the holidays. But on which formats can you see the ‘Avengers 2′ preview? Here are the announced bonus materials:

Available on Digital HD, Disney Movies Anywhere, 3D Blu-ray Combo Pack and Blu-ray:
  • Never-Before-Seen Deleted Scenes
  • Making-of Featurettes
  • Exclusive Look at ‘Marvel’s The Avengers: Age of Ultron’
  • Gag Reel
  • Audio Commentary
Available on DVD:
  • Exclusive Look at ‘Marvel’s Avengers: Age of Ultron’
  • Never-Before-Seen Deleted Scene. You can see the ‘Avengers 2′ preview as early as November 18 with the Digital HD release, or you can wait for the DVD and Blu-ray. 



‘Guardians of the Galaxy,’ starring Chris Pratt as Star-Lord, Zoe Saldana as Gamora, Dave Bautista as Drax the Destroyer, Bradley Cooper as the voice of Rocket, and Vin Diesel as the voice of Groot, saw a new team of Marvel superheroes attempting to save the entire galaxy from Ronan the Accuser (Lee Pace), and we even got our first look at Josh Brolin‘s Thanos! It was the year’s biggest blockbuster, and we can’t wait to see what’s coming in ‘Guardians of the Galaxy 2‘ on July 28, 2017.
As for ‘Avengers 2′ (officially titled ‘Avengers: Age of Ultron’), we’ll be seeing the highly anticipated battle between Earth’s Mightiest Heroes and the sentient robot Ultron (James Spader), along with the live-action debuts of Vision (Paul Bettany), Quicksilver (Aaron Taylor Johnson) and Scarlet Witch (Elizabeth Olsen), on May 1, 2015.






Guardians of the Galaxy

Guardians of the Galaxy Blu-ray Combo

Cast and Director Interview


Guardians of the Galaxy cast interview involving Chris Pratt (Starlord), Dave Bautista (Drax)and director James Gunn

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYAoA_i2uqY

interview with director of guardians of the galaxy









You started off in low-budget films working for your mentor, Lloyd Kaufman, at Troma. What lessons did you learn from this world that you applied to big-budget studio filmmaking?
James Gunn: I learned a million lessons. Number one: Be prepared for everything to go wrong. And that’s true whether you are on a low-budget film or big-budget film, and it has served me pretty well, because usually things go wrong and, usually, I’m prepared. That’s number one, but I learned everything from Lloyd about filmmaking – from casting to location scouting to directing to editing, even making the poster and distributing in theatres. That was the great thing for me about working at Troma. Not too many people get that opportunity. We’re still close friends.
Your work has consistently displayed a self-reflective, meta-awareness, whether it’s a film like The SpecialsSlither or Guardians. Could you ever see yourself doing a straight-up superhero film? How do you feel your sensibility has informed these films?
In a way, The Specials seems to anticipate Guardians in certain respects. Well, this sounds ridiculous, but in some ways I consider Super a straight superhero film because i am totally sincere about it. I don’t think of it as “meta.” That’s just the way my brain works. I think of it as human beings, not as fiction. The Guardians are edgy, cheeky and funny, but i take them completely seriously.
What comic books did you read when you were younger?
I read almost every single Marvel comic growing up. I had every “Spider-Man” from #4 through #300. I had every “Avengers,” starting at #4, every “Fantastic Four,” starting at #9. I had all the “Howard the Ducks,” which I loved. I had every “Conan the Barbarian;” I loved conan. I loved “The Tomb of Dracula”… “The Defenders.” I wasn’t as much of a “Thor” guy, but I read a lot of Marvel comics. When I was 13, i thought i wanted to write comic books and maybe draw them. I was pretty aware that I was not a good enough artist at that time to be able to draw comics, but I thought I was a good enough writer. so that’s what I thought I was going to do.
Guardians of the Galaxy 1 Guardians of the Galaxy: Exclusive Interview With Director James Gunn
Tell us how you got involved with Guardians. Obviously, Marvel Studio President of Production Kevin Feige was a fan of your work. How did this all come together for you?
It was a pretty long process getting the job. Whenever I put myself forward for a movie, I always think I do very well because i kind of don’t care. and I know that sounds weird, but making movies is hard. If you get the gig, it means a whole lot of hard work, and if you don’t get the gig, it means I get to go have fun. So there are benefits to getting a job or not getting a job. But I can honestly say that the first time I remember caring about a project at that early of a stage was Guardians. It was [Marvel’s] idea; they called me in to pitch me onGotG. I thought it was more of a general meeting and I didn’t know exactly what it was about. [Executive Producer] Jeremy Latcham and [Producer] Jonathan Schwartz pitched me Guardians of the Galaxy as a movie. I wasn’t sure if that was the movie I wanted to do, nor did I think I could get the job. I didn’t think they were seriously meeting with me; I thought I was probably just an interesting person to meet with as opposed to someone that they would actually hire.
I thought about it a little bit, and as I sat there, I started to see how it could work. I loved space epics as a kid but think they’ve gotten stale. So I went home, thought about it and that’s when it came to me. It was completely a visual thing. It wasn’t really a thing in terms of story, it was just how I would attack the movie visually. I wrote up this long document about how I thought I could re-create the space opera. They got into that, but it wasn’t over yet, because at first there were a bunch of guys vying for the position, then five guys, then two guys, then just me. After that, I flew into Wilmington, North Carolina, where they were shooting Iron Man 3, and I pitched Kevin Feige and [Executive Producer] Lou D’Esposito. I’d also drawn up a storyboard from a sequence that ended up in the movie. And they hired me.
Joss Whedon said, and I’m paraphrasing, that you are “the reason why GotG will work.” How does it feel to have such a huge icon in geek culture who has that kind of faith in you?
Joss has always had my back. Joss put my novel “Toy Collector” in [the webisodic musicalDr. Horrible’s Sing-Along Blog]. He would show his writers on his TV shows The Specials because of the way the dialogue worked. He has always been a huge supporter; Joss gave me my first job when I came to town. I’m always touched when he says something about me publicly and I’m touched when he says something about me privately. After visiting theGuardians set, he wrote me a long note about how excited he was for the movie, and how jealous he was, because, in some ways, making Guardians was the coolest Marvel gig because I get to make up everything. Joss had to come in and deal with a bunch of things that were already pre-existing and could not have done a better job than he did. I didn’t have that baggage. I got to come in and just play.
Benicio del Toro as The Collector in Guardians of the Galaxy Guardians of the Galaxy: Exclusive Interview With Director James Gunn
Benicio del Toro is notoriously picky about his roles. Can you tell us a little bit about courting him for the film?
There are certain people I feel that are kindred spirits and I think of them as weirdos. Michael Rooker is one. Benicio del Toro is another. They are eccentric fellows and, somehow, I just “get” those people. we gave Benicio the script – he really liked it – and in the script, one of the ways it described The Collector was as an outer space Liberace, and that was something he really got into. Then we talked about the role and I just immediately hit it off with the guy. We hung out for the first time at his wardrobe fitting in London and he was talking about how The Collector loves these items he collects and that’s what he used as his motivation, and he said this sentence, which I’ll never forget, which was, “I was the first kid in my neighbourhood to have a pet alligator.” I thought, “This guy and I are going to be friends for a long time.”
How do you think technology is changing film?
If you look at why it is now that superhero movies are so popular, people come up with a lot of heady reasons like, “people feel more powerless, so they want to see these powerful beings” or they feel this or that or whatever. It’s strictly technology. I was so excited for an Iron Man movie, but I also knew there was never a hit superhero movie that starred a B-list superhero. The technology [available] was able to make it feel more real than ever before – that’s what makes comic book movies so popular today. But people need to continue to make different kinds of superhero movies, and that’s what’s so great about what Marvel is doing with GotG.
What were the biggest challenges of adapting this particular Marvel property?
Strictly the scope of things. Creating a big-budget movie is, in many ways, easier than the other films I’ve done. i have the best people around me to help me and I have to do a lot less of their jobs than I’ve had to in the past. The two most difficult things are the time it takes to do it. I got hired in September of 2012 and started working on it before that, so it will have been a straight two years of 98% of my waking hours being devoted to GotG. That’s hard. And the marathon aspect of it means I can’t push myself the same way I would push myself on a film like Super, which we shot in 24 days. There are so many facets involved and keeping track of that and not losing yourself or the centre of what’s important in the movie, which is the characters and how they interact. It’s easy to get lost in visual effects and stunts and that can start to chop away at what’s important. Staying centred on is one of the most difficult challenges.
In a typical day, I have tons of people asking me if I’m done yet and I’m like, “Done?! I have to make a movie, and since two of my main characters are animated, I then have to make another one – on top of my first movie!” So it’s a lot of different things and it’s easy to forget one or two of them and let them slide.
Guardians of the Galaxy 2 Guardians of the Galaxy: Exclusive Interview With Director James Gunn
What were your thoughts when [director] Alan Taylor publicly dissed your teaser forGuardians at the end of his film, Thor: The Dark World?
It seemed in bad taste. First of all, Alan didn’t even know I directed that sequence. He’s a big fan of Super, he likes my movies, and he’s a big fan of what he has seen of Guardians. Alan wrote me immediately afterwards and was mortified by what he’d done. He wrote me a three-page apology about how awful he felt. Alan was so taken aback by the sudden deluge of questions and attention that it was overwhelming. I didn’t write that scene. It was during second-unit shooting and we got the scene from the guys, asking, “Hey, can you shoot this?” So Benicio and I shot it in about an hour and a half and turned the scene over for Thor. However, Alan Taylor directed a movie and had other stuff thrown into his movie and it wasn’t tonally in sync with the rest of what he created. So I get it. He probably didn’t need to say it publicly, but he was just not used to that sort of thing. He’s very talented and a really good guy, so it didn’t bother me like it did other people.
Tell us about your man crush on Michael Rooker and why Nathan Fillion doesn’t have a cameo in Guardians. [Editors Note: This interview happened before the Fillion cameo was revealed.]
Who said Nathan Fillion doesn’t have a cameo? And, secondly, do I have a man crush on Michael Rooker?
I don’t know if it’s only a “man crush,” because it definitely seems requited!
[Laughing] Oh, no… Rooker is in love with me and he follows me around like a puppy dog. I just saw him last night. he and some friends were over here and he told me that I was the only director who has hired him twice. I’ve actually worked with him on three movies. I love the guy! I mean, we love each other so much we went to Paris together! I don’t know why I do it to myself, but I do.
What do you think was the first successful comic book movie? What’s your most and least favourite?
Well, Superman: The Movie was the first successful comic movie, wasn’t it? I loved it as a kid, but I had issues with the science of it, like how he flew around the Earth to make it revolve backwards and it didn’t just explode but instead turned back time. But the feel and texture and score were so great. I’ve never liked Batman, though. not the character – Batman is one of my favourite comic book characters – but I’ve never liked the movies.
Rocket in Guardians of the Galaxy Guardians of the Galaxy: Exclusive Interview With Director James Gunn
Final question, are you going to reboot The Toxic Avenger and who should play him?
No! Steve Pink, the guy who directed Hot Tub Time Machine, is rebooting it. But my brother, Sean Gunn, should play Melvin [who becomes the Toxic Avenger]. He had a great role in Guardians and he also stood in for Bradley Cooper as Rocket on set. He was just fantastic.
Interview originally published in the May 2014 issue of Geek Magazine.


Wednesday, 22 October 2014

Guardians Of The Galaxy Homework

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B85DoM1T71pZWnI2cHVGZFFqLTQ/view?usp=sharing

The Film Chain Homework

Production

It all begins with Pre-Production.
This is the stage where all the planning takes place. The production is broken down into individual scenes and all the locations, props, cast members, costumes and special effects are chosen. At this stage, the script is usually already written. The schedule is produced and everyone involved is aware of what their role in the project is.
The next stage is production.
 At this stage, all the filming is carried out. All the planned scenes are filmed in the planned locations as many times as the director deems to get the best quality scenes. Great care must be taken to make sure that all filming is done correctly and all necessary shots are taken, as it is sometimes difficult or impossible to go back and repeat certain events if the filming is incomplete.
The final stage is post production.
This is the stage where all the footage is worked on by an editor. The editors first job is to make a rough cut from all the scenes based on individual takes (shots). The purpose of the rough cut is to select the best shots so that the film is seamless. The editor then has to trim which involves shortening scenes by a few minutes, seconds or even frames. Also, all the music and graphics are added at this stage. After the edited footage is approved by the director and producer, the picture is "locked" meaning no further changes are made.


The main producers of films in America


Dreamworks Animation:

  • Established in 2004
  • Well known films include "Madagascar" and "Kung Fu Panda"
  • Founded by Steven Spielberg, Jeffrey Katzenberg and David Geffen
20th Century Fox

  • Established in 1935
  • Well known films include "The Sound Of Music" and "Avatar"
  • Founded by Joseph M. Schenck, Darryl F. Zanuck and William Fox
Columbia Pictures

  • Established in 1926
  • Well known films include "Ghostbusters" and "The Karate Kid"
  • Founded by Harry Cohn and Jack Cohn





The ownership of a film studio may have an impact on what films the studio makes. This is because there may be disagreements on what films would do well and which ones would make a profit.

Independent Production:

  1. A film/feature film that is produced mostly or completely outside of the major film studio system.
  2. DISTRIBUTION
    • Someone has an idea for a movie.
    • They promote the idea to create interest
    • A studio or independent investor decides to purchase rights to the film.
    • People are brought together to make the film (screenwriter, producer, director, cast, crew).
    • The film is completed and sent to the studio.
    • The studio makes a licensing agreement with a distribution company.
    • The distribution company determines how many copies of the film to make.
    • The distribution company shows the movie to potential buyers.
    • The buyers negotiate with the distribution company on which movies they wish to lease and the terms of the lease agreement.
    • The prints are sent to the theatres a few days before the opening day.
    • The theatre shows the movie for a specified number of weeks.
    • You buy a ticket and watch the movie.
    • At the end, the theatre sends the print back to the distribution company and makes payment on the lease agreement.






There are different people that may distribute a film. It is most commonly a film distributor who fulfils the role. However, a limited distributor may deal with only particular products, such as DVDs or Blu-ray, or may act in a particular country or market. 




The traditional way to distribute a film is to have a film distributor that will represent your film at film festivals and markets around the world. 
A newer way of distributing would be to make contact with distribution companies and forwarding a DVD copy of your short film or emailing a link to your film online.



Film festivals are usually annual events.They provide an opportunity for unknown film-makers to get their movies in front of a real live audience and to have their films reviewed by professional critics. Film-makers whose movies get accepted into a festival also get valuable press attention and exposure to prospective agents and buyers.

A distributor may decide to release a film on one particular weekend rather than another because it may be a special time of year that people may be celebrating. For example, many films are released during:

Christmas:




Halloween:


Distribution is essential to the film chain because it is where completed films are brought to life and connected to an audience. 


If a film can't secure a distribution deal the film will not be viewed by a significant number of people. This means you would not get any useful feedback and your time, money and efforts would not be recognised. 
Marketing is the action or business of promoting and selling products or services, including market research and advertising.

Marketers take an idea and spread it far and wide. Distributors build a channel that they control and that is used to connect things to people.
distribution channel is the chain of individuals and organizations involved in getting a product or service from the producer to the consumer.
Marketing of films:


Films are promoted differently in different cultures

or
Translating the movie into different languages allows more people to watch it. 


Exhibition

  • Movies can be viewed many different ways. For example you can watch a movie at the cinema, online, on DVD and Blu Ray.
  • A box office is used to refer to the commercial success of a film, play, or actor in terms of the audience size or takings that they command.
  • The box office return is useful for identifying the success of a film because it shows how much profit a movie has made
  • The profit made by a movie has to be distributed to everyone involved e.g. actors, directors. editors etc.
Also, the money has to go towards
  • Production costs: studios, lighting, equipment
  •  Distribution: film distributors typically keep 30% of what they receive from movie theatres 
  • Marketing: studios usually choose about 10% of all advertising costs

A primary source a cinemas revenue is from their food and beverage sales but also ticket and concessions sales.


Cinemas encourage audiences to visit rather than watch movies at home by screening films in 3D. However, there are now 3D TV's readily available.
Cinemas also have special ticket offers, for example 2for1 deals on tickets to make tickets seem more affordable.








  1. Before television, feature films played in motion picture theatre almost exclusively; after television,  films were shown on television and this created ancillary markets. During the 1950s, studios in desperate need of money sold off their film libraries to television, who, in turn, showed the films to local television stations to fill out their programming schedules. This meant television now had the opportunity to show films outside of cinema and after film releases. 
  2. BFI
  3. British Film Institute
  4. BFI was founded in 1933 and they are a charity that award lottery funding to film production, distribution, education, audience development and market intelligence and research. 
  5. This helps the British film industry as funding is provided for aspiring film produces that may create the next successful British films. 

Thursday, 16 October 2014

The Film Industry.

Writers-Finacers-Producer-Sales agents-Distrubutor-Exhibitir-Customer



Writers:
Ther group choose hcih film to replicate and plan how it would be done at a low budget

Financiers:
Our swede was made with little to no money, so we didnt really have a finacier.

Producers:
The whole group worked together to ecide how the swede would be, and ensure it is made on schedule at good quality.

Sales Agents:
We all decided to publish out blogs, and kept everything organized.

Distributor:
We uploaded our swede to blogger via youtube, this allowed all information to be in one place.


Guardians Of The Galaxy.






Guardians of the galaxy:


Guardians of the galaxy is a sci-fi movie that hit cienmas on August the 1st 2014. A basic summary is that a group of space criminals must work together to stop the fanatical villian Ronan the Accuser from destroying the galaxy. 


James Gunn is the director who has also helped to writes films such as:


  • Movie 43
  • The specials
  • Scooby Doo
  • Dawn of the dead







Box office:

Budget- $170,000,000
Opening weekend-$94,320,883 ( In the USA)
Gross- $326,094,767

Company Credits:

Marvel Studios
Marvel Enterprises
Moving Picture Company

CAST:

  • Chris Pratt
  • Zoe Salanda
  • Dave Bautista
  • Vin Diesel
  • Bradley Cooper
  • Laura Haddock 
  • Karen Gillan
  • And Many More
Techincal Spec:


CAMERA:

  • Arri alexa XT plus
  • Panavision Primo
  • Cooke xtal express
  • Angenieux optimo lens
  • LABORATORY:


  • FotoKam Lab
  • Burbank
  • Usa Prints
  • Technicolor
  • Hollywood
  • Usa Digital Intermediate
Marketing:


  • Official facebook
  • Official Twitter
  • Official Site












ABC-Disney-Marvel Synergy.






The film has been released worldwide becoming the fourteeth movie in 2014 to gross over $300 million in 10 days.